Car-ventilator.



PATENTED JUNE 11,1907.

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GLEASON L. ARCHER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

CAR-VENTILATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 11, 1907.

Appiaaaon med Jamal-y 2s, 1905. serai No. 242.711.

T0 n/ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, GLEAseN L. ARCHER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Oar-Ventilators, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to ventilating devices for cars, and has for its object to provide a novel device of this character by which fresh air free from cinders is forced into the car, and at the same time vitiated air is withdrawn from the car.

The device is so constructed that both of these operations are performed automatically by the movement of the car.

In carrying out my invention I place within the car at the top and at each side thereof a cylinder or air chamber having a plurality of registers or openings, and attach to each air chamber or pipe centrally thereof a flue which extends down through the bottom of the car and terminates in a flaring mouthpiece or funnel. The funnels of the two flues are pointed in opposite directions with the result that when the car is moving in either direction one of the i'lues becomes a forceddraft flue; that is, air is forced through the flue and into the chamber by the movement of the car, and the other `Ilue becomes an induced-draft flue, that is the air is drawn out ofthe corresponding air chamber by the suction created at the funnel end of said flue.

The air which is admitted to the car will always be cooler than the vitiated air within the car, and therefore such cooler air which is admitted on one side of the top of the car will gradually settle to the bottom, while the warmer vitiated air in the car will rise and be withdrawn from the top of the car. There will, therefore, be a general circulation of air established in the car. The smoke and gas which is discharged from the engine is largely in the stratum of air immediately above or at the level of the top of the car, and by placing the funnels beneath the car, the air which is introduced into the car is taken from a stratum below that which contains the gases from the engine and is therefore free from said gases.

The funnels or mouth-pieces are both made rotatable so that they can be pointed in any desired direction. Suitable means is provided for locking them in any adjusted. position. I have also provided means whereby the air which is introduced into the car may be strained or filtered thereby to separate from the air any dust or cinders which it may contain.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the car having my improved ventilating system applied thereto, parts of the car being broken out to better show the construction; Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view of the car showing the arrangement of mouthpieces Fig. 3 is an enlarged central sectional view through one of the mouth-pieces; Fig. 4 is a transverse section of the car on the line Fig. l; Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail view of the filter or strainer for the air Fig. 6 1s a detail view of one of the registers in the air cylinders, and Fig. 7 is a section on line I/-gh Fig'. 5.

The car is designated generally by 3, and it has situated within it at each side and at the top a cylinder or air-chamber 4, both of said air-chambers extending substantially the length of the car.

Ilach cylinder is provided with a plurality of registers 5 which may be opened or closed to admit air or withdraw it from different parts of the car. These registers may be of any suitable or usual construction, and are, therefore, .not shown in detail herein.

Connected to each cylinder 4 is a flue 6 which extends down along the side of the car and passes through the bottom of the car, said llues preferably being located about centrally of the car. Each flue terminates in a flaring or funnel-shaped mouth-piece 7, which, preferably, is made separate from the flue and capable of being turned into different positions.

In the form of the invention herein illustrated each funnel has formed thereon a lcollar S which rests on a supporting fra-ine or bearing 9 secured to the bottom of the car, and each collar S may be' provided with notches with which a locking pawl 10 is adapted to engage thereby to lock the funnel in its adjusted position.

As stated above, each funnel is made separate from the corresponding flue and is arranged to turn within the flue, as best seen in Fig. 3.

In the operation of the device the two funnel-shaped mouth-pieces 7 will be turned in opposite directions, as seen in Fig. 2, one mouth-piece being pointed diagonally to- IOO ward the direction in which the car is moving and the other being pointed in the opposite direction.

When the car is moving rapidly, for instance in the direction of the arrow a., Fig. 2, the fresh air will be forced into the mouthpiece 7 shown at the upper side of said Fig. 2, as will be obvious, and will be delivered into the corresponding air chamber or cylinder 4 from which it is distributed to different parts of the car according to whether the various registers 5 are open or shut. At the same time the movement of the car through the air will create a suction in the other mouth: piece 7, and therefore the air will be drawn into the other cylinder 4 and down through the flue 6, and out through the corresponding mouth-piece 7. There is, therefore, a forced draft in one flue 6 and an induced draft in the other flue, and fresh air is being introduced into the car through the registers in one cylinder and vitiated air withdrawn from the car through the registers in the other cylinder. lt makes no difference in which direction the car is moving because when it is moving in one direction one of the fiues is a forced-draft flue and the other an induced-draft iiue, vand when the car moves in the opposite direction the latter flue becomes a forced-draft flue and the former an induced-draft flue, whichever way the car moves, therefore, air will be forced into one cylinder and taken out from the other.

By shifting the position of the funnelshaped mouth-pieces so as to bring them more or less parallel with the direction of movement of the car the amount of air which is forced into the car and withdrawn therefrom will be regulated.

rllhe fresh air which is admitted to the car is obviously cooler than the air within the car, and as such fresh air is introduced into the top of the car at one side, it will gradually settle. At the same time, the warmer vitiated air will rise on the opposite side of the car and be withdrawn from the top of the car. A general circulation of air is thus established throughout the entire length of the car, the circulation being down on one side'of the car and up on the opposite side.

In order to remove from the air all dust and other impurities which it might contain l have provided a filter or strainer through which the air passes before it is delivered to the cylinders 4. In this form of my invention said strainer comprises a box or chamber 15 in each of the flues 6, which box is provided with a partition of filtering material through which the air is obliged to pass. One simple device of this kind is a partition of somelight fabric, such as cheese cloth, which is extended across the box and which is sufficient to remove dust and other impurities from the air.

In order to prevent this filtering partition from becoming cloggedl prefer to make it a movable one so that fresh portions thereof may be continually brought into use.

As herein shown the filtering web of cloth or material is wound on a roll 16 suitably sup ported at the side of the car and passes over a direction roll 17, and thence through a slot in the side of the box or chamber 15, across said chamber and out a slot or slit in the opposite side, said web passing between feed-rolls 18 and then being wound on a suitable springroller 19.

Thev feed-rolls 1S may be driven in any suitable way, preferably by clock-work, and as they are rotated fresh clean portions of fabric are drawn into the chamber. means the filter is self-cleaning,` and all danger of its becoming clogged or choked is obviated.

20 designates a removable cover or slide in one side of the box or chamber 15. By removing this slide access to the box may be had for the purpose of inserting a new filtering web in position for cleaning the box.

It will be unnecessary to use the filtering web in that pipe which constitutes the induced-draft flue, as the function of this web is to filter the air which is introduced into the car and not that which is withdrawn from the car.

lt will be noticed that the mouth-pieces are situated at the sides of the car. When the car is moving rapidly there is a current of air beneath the car from the sides thereof, as shown by the arrows b and therefore the air which is taken up by the forwardly'opening rdnouth piece will be comparatively free from ust.

Vith my improved ventilating systemit will be unnecessary to have any socalled ventilators in the top of the car as fresh air is supplied to the car and the vitiated air Withdrawn through the apparatus I have above described.

Various changes in the construction of the parts may be made without departing from the invention.

Having described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is z 1. In a car, means to take fresh air from beneath the car and introduce it into the car at the top thereof and at one side, and other means to withdraw vitiated air from the top of th'e car at the other side and discharge it beneath the car, whereby a downward current of fresh air is established on one side of the car, and an upward current of vitiated air is established on the opposite side of the 0&1.

2. ln a car ventilating system, two cylinders within the car at the top thereof and situated 4on opposite sides of the car, each cylinder having openings, a flue extending from each cylinder down through the bottom By this r IOO IIO

of the ear, eaeh flue terminating in a rotatable Atunnel-shaped mouth-pieee beneath the ear, and a gravity look for eaeh mouth piece.

3. In a ear, two cylinders at the top of the ear extending longitudinally thereof and situated on opposite sides of the ear, eaeh cylinder being provided with registers, a forced-draft flue Connected to one cylinder, an induced-draft ilue connected to the other cylinder, both ilues terminating beneath the ear in rotatable funnel-shaped mouth-pieces, whereby by directing the mouth pieees in the opposite direction the fresh air eolleoted by one mouth piece is forced into the corresponding' Cylinder while the suction produced by the other mouth piece withdraws air from its Corresponding cylinder.

4, In a ear Ventilating system, two eylinders at the top of the ear and on opposite sides, eaeh Cylinder having openings, a ilue connected with eaeh cylinder and terminating in a funnel-shaped mouth-piece situated beneath the ear, each mouth-piece being mounted to turn about a vertieal axis, an air iilter in one of said ilues and means to continuously renew said iilter.

5. In a ear Ventilating system, two eylinders at the top of the ear and on opposite sides, each eylinder having openings, a flue connected with each cylinder and terminating in a funnel-shaped mouth-piece situated beneath the ear, eaeh mouth-piece being mounted to turn about a vertical axis, a gravity leek for eaeh mouth piece, an air 'lilter in one of the ilues, and means to eontinuously renew said filter.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this speeiiieation, in the presence oi two subscribing witnesses.

GLEASON L. ARCHER.

Vitnesses LoUIs C. SMITH, EMILY C. HoDGEs. 

